The $26 billion mortgage settlement had a lot of support — as evidenced by the 49 out of 50 state attorneys general that signed on to it.
The deal, which was announced Thursday, also won praise from groups as diverse as the Mortgage Bankers Association, the industry trade group for lenders, and the Center for Responsible Lending, a public interest group advocating for borrowers.
But it also has its share of critics on both the left and the right.
Conservatives called it overreaching on the part of the Obama administration, and say it rewards homeowners who haven’t been paying their home loans.
What the foreclosure settlement means for you
Some liberal groups say it falls far short of providing the needed level of help to troubled homeowners hurt by the housing bubble, problems they blame on Wall Street banks and investors. They want more relief for homeowners who owe more than their home is now worth, also known as being underwater on a mortgage.
The settlement was reached with the five largest mortgage servicers — Bank of America (, Fortune 500), JPMorgan Chase (, Fortune 500), Citigroup (, Fortune 500), Wells Fargo (, Fortune 500) and Ally Financial.
The conservative case against the deal was voiced most clearly by Oklahoma Attorney General Scott Pruitt, the only state attorney general who didn’t sign onto the deal. He blamed President Obama for using the settlement to try to "fundamentally restructure the mortgage industry."
Pruitt argues that it’s unfair that those who are both underwater and delinquent on their loans can apply to reduce the amount they owe. Meanwhile, underwater homeowners who are current in their payments can only refinance their existing loan at a lower interest rate.
He said that could encourage more homeowners to default on their loans so they could benefit from the settlement.
Other critics of the Obama administration said the fact that the settlement will be able to help only a small percentage of troubled homeowners raises other questions about fairness.
"Certain favored borrowers will be receiving a bailout while everyone else’s home values will stay underwater," said Bill Wilson, president of Americans for Limited Government. "The impact will be minimal, so the question becomes, who’s getting a bailout and what makes them so special?"
There are an estimated 11 million underwater homeowners, according to CoreLogic, and nearly 3.5 million homeowners who are either 90 days or more late in making payments or are in foreclosure, according to the Mortgage Bankers.
According to the settlement, up to 1 million homeowners could see their principle reduced, while another 750,000 could refinance.
Many on the left are also dismayed by the fact that relatively few troubled homeowners will get help.
One liberal public interest group, The New Bottom Line, said it wanted a $300 billion settlement that significantly reduced what homeowners owed. It called Thursday’s deal a "paltry down payment."
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It also criticized the payments of up to $2,000 that will be made to many who lost their homes in the foreclosure process in the last three years.
"For homeowners who were defrauded and lost their homes, $2,000 is too little, too late," said the group’s statement.
Still, the settlement is a step in the right direction, said Tim Lilienthal, the lead organizer for PICO National Network, one of the groups that makes up The New Bottom Line.
"The true measure of this deal is what happens next," he said. "We need to keep the pressure on."
The federal and state officials that announced the deal Thursday vowed this will not be the end of the process.
Iowa Attorney General Tom Miller, who helped lead negotiations with the banks, said he believes once this program is up and running, it will prompt banks to start making principal reductions on their own beyond the terms of the settlement. He says banks will discover that they can recoup more money this way than they have through the foreclosure process.
"All the things they’re worried about — the sky is falling arguments about principal reduction — guess what, it won’t happen. At that point, principal reduction will become a regular, common tool," he said. "Principal reduction is an effective way for everybody to win."
China
U.S. stocks rallied Friday, as investors cheered a much stronger-than-expected jobs report.
The Dow Jones industrial average () gained 157 points, or 1.2%, the S&P 500 () added 19 points, or 1.5%, and the Nasdaq composite () increased 46 points, or 1.6%.
The rally pushed pushed the Dow, up more than 5% in 2012, to its highest level since May 2008. The Nasdaq, up more than 11% for the year, climbed to its highest level since December 2000. The S&P 500 has gained almost 7% this year, and finished at a six-month high.
The rally was sparked by the Labor Department’s monthly jobs report, which showed that the U.S. economy added 243,000 jobs in January, far exceeding expectations. The unemployment rate dropped to 8.3%, the lowest since February 2009.
Economists surveyed by CNNMoney had expected the government to report an increase of just 130,000 jobs in January. The unemployment rate was expected to rise to 8.6%.
Check the unemployment rate in your state
Economists had expected a slowdown in post-holiday hiring, considering that about 40,000 temporary couriers were hired for the holidays alone..
"The jobs data blew away market expectations," noted Marc Chandler, global head of currency strategy at Brown Brothers Harriman, calling it a "monster" jobs report. "This coupled with other recent reports for January, show the year has begun off on a firm note," he added.
Meanwhile, investors were also on the lookout for an official agreement on a debt-reduction plan and a second bailout for Greece. The deal is expected to be near, but negotiations are likely to continue thorough the weekend.
U.S. stocks ended mixed Thursday as investors digested a cautious economic outlook from the chairman of the Federal Reserve.
Economy: Factory orders for December rose 1.1%, slightly below expectations. The January installment of the ISM Services Index hit 56.8, surpassing economists’ expectations for 53.1, and up sharply from the prior month.
Companies: Financial stocks were big gainers in Friday’s rally, with Bank of America’s (, Fortune 500) 5% spike leading the Dow’s gains. Morgan Stanley (, Fortune 500), Citigroup (, Fortune 500) and Goldman Sachs (, Fortune 500) were all up between 3% and 5%.
Shares of Genworth Financial (, Fortune 500) soared 14% after the mortgage insurer swung to a fourth-quarter profit.
Tyson Foods (, Fortune 500) shares rose after the company reported better-than-expected earnings and issued slightly upbeat guidance.
Estee Lauder (, Fortune 500) reported a 15% profit increase for its fiscal second quarter to $597 million, but its stock tumbled as the company’s guidance for the current quarter came in short of analyst expectations.
Shares of Gilead Sciences (, Fortune 500) spiked after the company posted fourth-quarter earnings that rose almost 6% from a year ago.
Edwards Lifesciences’ () stock dropped as earnings fell and the company gave a lackluster forecast for the current quarter.
Zynga () shares continue to rise, after Facebook’s IPO revealed the gamemaker accounted for 12% of its revenue in 2011.
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Research in Motion () shares dipped after the BlackBerry-maker said it will give its tablet, the BlackBerry PlayBook, out to Android developers in exchange for their apps.
Trading in shares of Micron Technology (, Fortune 500) was halted after the company announced that its CEO and chairman Steve Appleton died Friday morning in a small-plane crash in Boise.
Currencies and commodities: The dollar slipped against the euro and the British pound, but rose versus the Japanese yen.
Oil for March delivery rose $1.48 to settle at $97.84 a barrel.
Gold futures for April delivery fell $19 to settle at $1,736.80 an ounce.
Bonds: The price on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury fell, pushing the yield up to 1.95% from 1.82% late Thursday.
World markets: European stocks ended sharply higher. Britain’s FTSE 100 () rose 1.8%, while the DAX () in Germany jumped 1.7% and France’s CAC 40 () rose 1.5%.
Asian markets ended mixed. The Shanghai Composite () rose 0.8%, while the Hang Seng () in Hong Kong was flat and Japan’s Nikkei () slipped 0.5%.
St. Louis Federal Reserve President James Bullard said on Friday the U.S. economy appears to be gaining momentum that will make further Fed purchases of bonds unnecessary.
“The economic news and economic data, including today’s data, has been surprising to the upside,” Bullard said in a Bloomberg News interview. “I need to see significant deterioration in the economy and some threat of deflation or inflation moving significantly below our inflation target before I would consider more” central bank stimulus, or quantitative easing, he said.
The government earlier in the day said employers added 243,000 jobs in January and that the jobless rate dipped to 8.3 percent, a three-year low.
Bullard, who does not have a vote on the Fed’s policy-setting Federal Open Market Committee this year, is seen as a policy centrist.
The Fed last month said it would likely hold interest rates at rock bottom levels until late 2014. Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke was cautious about recent improvement in the U.S. economy and left the door open to new bond purchases to boost growth.
The Fed cut rates to near zero more than three years ago and has bought $2.3 trillion worth of bonds to spur economic activity.
Bullard said economic conditions are different now than when the Fed launched its last bond buying initiative in late 2010. At that time, inflation was so low policymakers were concerned the economy was at risk of tipping into a dangerous deflationary spiral, but that is not now the case, Bullard said.
“Inflation is coming down but at least for now it is above our inflation target” of 2 percent, he said. “We will see how things develop. But I am also more bullish on the economy as a whole. I do think we have momentum coming out of 2011.”
Gannett Co. reported a 33 percent drop in its fourth-quarter net income Monday. The media company, which publishes USA Today and owns a network of broadcast, digital and other publishing properties, said profits were weighed down by restructuring costs and other charges, as well as a revenue decline.
The company earned $116.9 million, or 49 cents per share, in the three months that ended Dec. 25. That’s down from earnings of $174.1 million, or 72 cents per share, in the same period a year earlier.
Gannett’s stock fell 7 percent, or $1.07 to $14.15 in midday trading on Monday. It has traded in between $8.28 and $18.93 in the past 52 weeks.
Excluding special items such as restructuring charges, Gannett earned 72 cents per share in the latest quarter. Analysts, on average, were expecting earnings of 68 cents per share, according to a poll by FactSet.
The company said its results reflected $63.6 million in charges related to workforce restructuring and facility consolidations at properties in the U.S. and the U.K. The largest charge was associated with the transfer of production of The Cincinnati Enquirer to a newspaper printer in Columbus, Ohio.
Revenue fell 5 percent to $1.39 billion from $1.46 billion in the same period a year earlier.
Analysts were expecting revenue of $1.39 billion, according to a poll by FactSet.
“We are positioning for growth in print and digital media through new subscription models delivered across platforms, capturing opportunities in adjacent businesses, and continuing to focus on operational efficiencies,” said Gracia Martore, president and CEO, in a statement business cards design.
Revenue at Gannett’s publishing division fell 5 percent to $1.01 billion, a decline the company attributed to lower advertising amid the economic softness in the U.S. and the U.K.
Broadcasting revenue fell 14 percent to $199.8 million, due mainly to sharply lower political advertising than a year earlier.
Revenue at the company’s digital division, which includes the website CareerBuilder, rose 9 percent to $181.5 million.
Company-wide digital revenue, which consists of the digital division and revenue generated by newspaper websites, rose nearly 7 percent to $290.3 million.
For the full year, Gannett earned $458.7 million, or $1.89 per share, down 22 percent from $588.2 million, or $2.43 per share, in the previous year.
Adjusted earnings were $2.13 per share.
Revenue slid 4 percent to $5.24 billion from $5.44 billion.
Analysts were expecting full-year adjusted earnings of $2.10 per share on revenue of $5.25 billion.
Asian stock markets were mostly higher Thursday after the U.S. central bank pledged to keep interest rates low for another three years to nurture the country’s stubbornly slow economic recovery.
Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index jumped 1.1 percent to 20,322.51 on its first trading day since the Chinese New Year holiday. South Korea’s Kospi rose 0.2 percent to 1,956.14. Benchmarks in Singapore and New Zealand also rose.
Japan’s Nikkei was 0.4 percent lower at 8,846.96, following strong gains a day earlier. Markets in Taiwan and mainland Chinese remained closed for the Chinese New Year. The Australian market was closed for a public holiday.
On Wednesday, the U.S. Federal Open Market Committee said it was unlikely to raise interest rates before late 2014. It had previously said it expected to keep rates low into the middle of 2013.
The Fed cut rates to near zero in December 2008, during the financial crisis, and has held them there ever since. The announcement was a sign that the Fed expects the economy, which is improving, to need significant help for three more years.
Analysts said stock buyers rejoiced that the Fed was leaning toward promoting economic growth.
“With the FOMC sending out a strong signal that monetary policy is likely to remain accommodative for even longer than previously expected, risk assets are in a very good position,” said Stan Shamu of IG Markets in Melbourne guaranteed personal loan approval.
Wall Street welcomed the news, with the Dow Jones industrial average closing up 0.6 percent at 12,756.96 _ the highest close since May 10. The Standard & Poor’s 500 index rose 0.9 percent to 1,326.06. The Nasdaq composite index gained 1.1 percent to close at 2,818.31.
Benchmark crude for March delivery was up 39 cents to $99.79 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The contract rose by 45 cents to finish at $99.40 per barrel in New York on Wednesday. At one point it was as high as $100.40.
The prospect of low interest rates weighed on the dollar, since it reduces the returns that investors get from holding assets denominated in that currency. The euro rose to $1.3103 from $1.3084 late Wednesday in New York. The dollar fell to 77.75 yen from 77.81 yen.
As regulators and attorneys general continue a year-long push to deliver help for homeowners, some left-leaning groups on Monday warned against any deal that protects banks against lawsuits.
Negotiations for a settlement over improper foreclosures have been dragging on for months between state and federal authorities and some of the nation’s biggest banks.
At stake could be a $20 billion to $25 billion pot of money from the banks and mortgage servicers that could help troubled homeowners modify loans and provide them with counseling, according to two people familiar with the talks.
Under the latest deal, about 1 million U.S. homeowners who are underwater on their mortgages could be eligible for as much as $20,000 in relief of principal owed, U.S. Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun Donovan has said. In return, mortgage servicers in states that agree to the deal would get immunity from lawsuits, the sources said.
Several Democratic state attorneys general were briefed of more details of the deal on Monday in a meeting in Chicago, CNNMoney confirmed. Republican state attorneys general were also to be briefed on a conference call.
News of the briefings spurred a protest on Monday outside the State of Illinois Building in Chicago by members of left-leaning groups, including Move On and the New Bottom Line, urging states to hold out for a bigger criminal investigation and a $300 billion settlement award.
Left-leaning activists and two Democratic lawmakers said they’re fighting against blanket immunity for banks, which North Carolina Democrat Rep. Brad Miller called a "very bad deal for the American people and a sweet-heart deal for banks," in a conference call with reporters on Monday.
The negotiations are between federal agencies, including the U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, as well as state attorneys general and the five largest mortgage servicers:Bank of America (, Fortune 500), Wells Fargo (, Fortune 500), JPMorgan Chase (, Fortune 500), Citigroup (, Fortune 500) and Ally Financial ().
The Obama Administration had been pushing for a resolution in time for the president to tout the deal during his delivery of the State of the Union on Tuesday.
But no final agreement is expected this week, said Geoff Greenwood, spokesman for the Iowa Attorney General Tom Miller, who has been leading the talks.
Foreclosures: 100 hardest hit zip codes
The final monetary award depends on the participation of larger states. But several states, including New York, Delaware and California, are reportedly cool to the latest draft, a source said. Those attorneys general have said they want the freedom to pursue their own housing investigations.
Calls to those attorneys general were not returned on Monday.
Washington analysts say they expect some tidbits from the latest proposed settlement to make Obama’s State of the Union speech.
"The President is likely to tout how the agreement will provide for principal reduction and help for more than a million borrowers," said Jaret Seiberg, senior policy analyst with Washington Research Group in a Monday research report.
"He will emphasize how this is about helping today to correct the mistakes of yesterday," Seiberg said in the report.
Jim O
Brooke Gray could be either of two things: an insufficiently educated opportunist, trying to pass herself off as an equine dentist, or a young woman dedicated to horses, performing an age-old practice for an honest wage.
A circuit court judge recently said the former. Her attorney, a St. Louis-based litigator with a history of challenging the government’s licensing power, says the latter — and believes the judge’s ruling could limit everyone from cattle hands to dog groomers.
A Clinton County Circuit Court judge ruled in December that Gray had to stop a practice called “teeth floating” after the Missouri Veterinary Medical Board, which oversees veterinary licenses in the state, sued Gray because she does not have a veterinary license.
Her attorney plans to appeal the ruling, saying that Gray is merely practicing something that unlicensed lay people have done for hundreds of years.
“Up until 15 years ago no one in Missouri considered these animal husbandry practices veterinary medicine,” said Gray’s attorney, David Roland, who helms the libertarian Missouri Freedom Center. “That’s how animal agriculture has always been done.”
Roland calls Gray’s case “the tip of the iceberg” and says it could have ramifications for anyone who wants to perform “basic animal husbandry” without a license.
But state law, veterinarian groups and the board say veterinary practices are regulated for a reason: to protect animals and their owners from untrained, unskilled workers. They say the practice of teeth floating, which often requires sedation, should be done either by, or under the supervision, of a licensed veterinarian.
“The public seems to think the licensing board is there to protect veterinarians,” said Bruce Whittle, chair of the equine committee for the Missouri Veterinary Medical Association, the group that represents the state’s vets. “It’s to protect the public against veterinarians that are doing harm.”
Gray, who lives north of Kansas City, grew up on an Iowa farm and always wanted to work with horses. So, about eight years ago, she got two months of training at an equine dentistry school in Idaho, then moved to Missouri and opened B & B Equine Dentistry.
She built a steady clientele floating horses teeth, which involves filing down the sharp points that emerge on the enamel. Sharp edges can make it difficult for the horse to eat. Her customers, she says, liked her work.
“I’ve never had a complaint from a client,” Gray said.
She did, however, get a complaint filed against her from a local Clay County vet, David Leighr, whose clients told him that Gray was improperly sedating horses and, in some cases, extracting teeth. Under state law, sedation by anyone other than an owner or licensed vet is illegal, while extraction is a surgical practice, which makes it a veterinary practice, and therefore also illegal for someone to perform without a license.
“One of my clients told me that Brooke had sedated an animal and hit a vein,” Leighr said. “Brooke also had them sign a piece of paper that said she was not responsible for anything that happens. A vet doesn’t do that. That raised a red flag with me.”
When asked if she had extracted teeth, Gray said: “I’ve taken some things out of horses mouths that didn’t belong there.” When asked if she had sedated horses, she said: “I’ve been informed not to say anything about the sedation issue.”
Leighr called the board, and eventually, it began to pursue the matter.
After sending two cease-and-desist letters, the board sued Gray to make her stop. She didn’t. So in September, the matter went to trial.
Roland says he believes the board pursued the case on behalf of veterinarians who felt they were in danger of losing income to untrained teeth floaters, not because they were concerned about animal welfare.
“One of the quirks of the law is that it’s not illegal to do the work on the animals,” he explained. “But if they get paid for it, it’s a criminal offense. So this is not a health issue.”
Several states, he said, have recently changed laws to allow teeth floating by nonvets, and he’ll push for Missouri to do the same.
He also points to a number of cease-and-desist letters sent by the board aimed at stopping everything from branding to pet grooming practices. These, he says, are evidence the state is trying to regulate practices that should not require licensing.
“This is an issue that’s been gaining momentum for a couple of years,” he said.
Gray believes the board is merely requiring a costly education — vet school runs an average of $150,000 — for something she specifically trained to do.
But veterinarians, including Leighr — a fourth-generation vet who said news coverage of the issue in his practice area had cost him business — maintain this issue centers on animal welfare and training.
“Her attorney is trying to convince the public that lay professionals have been doing this for years and that it’s safe,” he said. “I don’t think it’s safe. … And the fact that’s she’s using sedation and there’s no oversight makes it even less safe.”
“I went to school for eight years,” Leighr added. “I’ll put my records out there all the way back to high school, and I challenge her to do the same.”
Gray said she would continue floating teeth, only under the supervision of vets, until the appeal is resolved. That, Leighr insisted, is all he’s wanted all along.
“I said to her: ‘You can do this all day long by having a vet present,’” he said. “Missouri is full of vets retiring every day. They’d be tickled to death to get in the truck with you and go on a farm call.”
Investors threw cold water on the New Year’s rally, with U.S. stocks set for a modest pullback at Wednesday’s open.
Dow Jones industrial average () and S&P 500 () futures were down 0.3%, while Nasdaq () futures were flat. Stock futures indicate the possible direction of the markets when they open at 9:30 a.m. ET.
Jitters surrounding Europe’s debt crisis have resurfaced, leaving investors on edge. Uncertainty about Greece, along with reports that Spain might seek rescue funding, weighed on sentiment.
A spokeswoman for the Spanish government told CNN the reports were "a complete lie" and "radically false," and separately Greek officials said Tuesday that progress had been made.
"We’re still watching Europe simmering now. We have another summit coming up and the problems are all still there," said Scott Brown, chief economist for Raymond James.
Europe: Still a huge pain for investors
European Union leaders hold their first summit of 2012 on Jan. 30. Political leaders hashed out a fiscal agreement in early December, but investors remain skeptical about how effective it will be.
Stocks rallied Tuesday following strong manufacturing reports from China, India and the United States.
Bank stocks — one of last year’s worst-performing sectors — led the Dow higher in the prior session. Bank of America (, Fortune 500), Citigroup (, Fortune 500) and JPMorgan (, Fortune 500) all posted strong gains.
World markets: European stocks fell in midday trading. Britain’s FTSE 100 () lost 0.1%, while the DAX () in Germany shed 0.8% and France’s CAC 40 () slid 0.7%.
Asian markets finished mixed. The Nikkei () gained 1.2%, while the Shanghai Composite () fell 1.4% and the Hang Seng () lost 0.8%.
Economy: The Census Bureau will release data on factory orders for the month of November before the opening bell business cards. Analysts surveyed by Briefing.com expect orders to have risen 2.1% in November, after dropping by 0.4% in October.
In the afternoon, the Commerce Department will release data on auto and truck sales for December. Auto sales stood at a 4.36 million annual rate in November, while truck sales were at a 5.98 million rate.
Companies: Before the opening bell, Yahoo (, Fortune 500) shares dropped 1.6% on reports that the search engine will name eBay’s (, Fortune 500) PayPal President Scott Thompson as its new CEO. Shares of eBay fell 1.1%.
Caterpillar (, Fortune 500) shares fell 1% in premarket trading, after the construction equipment manufacturer announced it will expand its research and development center in Wuxi, China.
Dunkin’ Brands () shares climbed 1.5% ahead of the bell, after the company announced it plans to double the number of its Dunkin’ Donuts restaurants in the United States in the next 20 years. The chain currently operates about 7,000 restaurants nationwide.
Cabot Oil & Gas () announced a two-for-one stock split, after its stock rallied 105% over the last year. The company also plans to increase its quarterly dividend 33%. Shares rose 3.3% in early trading.
Currencies and commodities: The dollar rose against the euro and British pound, but fell versus the Japanese yen.
Oil for February delivery slipped 70 cents to $102.26 a barrel.
Gold futures for February delivery fell $2.60 to $1,597.90 an ounce.
Bonds: The price on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury fell, pushing the yield up to 1.96%.
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