Europe may add an annex to its budget treaty spelling out how countries can boost growth as the bloc shifts its emphasis on tackling the debt crisis, a German government official said.
Steps to raise competitiveness along with structural reforms are likely to feature in the prescriptions for growth, with a target date for completion by the June 18-19 Group of 20 leaders
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BATS Global Markets says it will replace Joe Ratterman as chairman of the board, even as the company’s directors expressed support for him as chief executive.
The announcement Tuesday came after technical difficulties derailed the exchange operator’s initial public offering last week.
BATS operates electronic markets for stocks and stock options in the United States and Europe. The Kansas-based company is a leading platform for high-frequency, computer-driven trading.
In a brief statement, BATS directors said Ratterman "continues to do a tremendous job as CEO of BATS."
"We fully support his leadership, vision and strategic direction as BATS continues to enhance competition and foster innovation in markets worldwide," the statement said.
But the directors still voted to replace Ratterman as chairman under "an enhanced corporate governance structure."
Ratterman, who has been the company’s chairman since 2007, will hold the position until a replacement is named, the directors said cash advance.
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BATS officially withdrew its IPO late Friday after it was forced to halt trading in its own stock and others because the company’s technology malfunctioned.
Ratterman publicly apologized for the problem, saying in a letter to customers that the company’s failure to perform "has no excuses."
BATS is third largest exchange operator in the United States after NYSE Euronext (, Fortune 500), which operates the New York Stock Exchange, and the NASDAQ OMX Group. ()
The company said this week that its troubles have not impacted its market share.
As of Monday, BATS boasted a 10.3% share of the U.S. equities market and a 25.4% share of the European market.
The Federal Reserve
Pump prices continued to march toward $4 a gallon Thursday, as signs of a stronger U.S. economy helped push benchmark oil near $108 per barrel.
Retail gasoline prices continued a five-week rise to a national average of $3.74 per gallon. That’s up 37 cents per gallon, or 11 percent, since late January, the last time gasoline prices fell. Prices have never been so high at this time of the year.
Benchmark crude rose 53 cents to $107.60 a barrel in New York. Brent crude, which is imported by many U.S. refiners to make gasoline, rose $1.91 to $124.57 a barrel in London.
Oil prices have risen 9 percent this year because global demand is high and supplies have been disrupted in South Sudan, Syria and elsewhere. There also is concern that tensions with Iran over its nuclear program could lead to further supply problems.
The U.S. economy has continued to grow even though high oil prices are taking spending money from consumers and make shipping and travel more expensive.
Economic data released Thursday showed applications for unemployment hit a four-year low, spending on residential construction rose and major retailers reported stronger-than-expected sales for February.
Stock prices rose on Wall Street Thursday, helped by the encouraging economic news. That bolstered the feeling that the economy could start burning more oil payday loans.
“It’s almost impossible for oil to stay down with equities rising,” said Rich Ilczyszyn, an analyst at ITrader.
Economists worry that high oil prices will eventually take a toll on the economy, though.
“We’ve weathered it OK so far, but it could become a much stronger headwind than we anticipate,” said Diane Swonk, chief economist at Mesirow Financial.
Consumers have been helped by low heating and electricity bills this winter, which have eased the pain of high fill-up costs. The weather has been unusually mild across much of the country and natural gas, which is used to heat many homes and to generate electricity, has been cheap.
Natural gas futures fell more than 6 percent Thursday to $2.46 per thousand cubic feet after the government reported that supplies of natural gas declined less than anticipated last week. The nation’s supplies in storage are 45 percent above the five-year average and prices are close to a 10-year low.
In other energy trading, gasoline futures rose 4 cents to $3.30 a gallon. Heating oil rose by 1 cent to $3.22 a gallon.
U.S. stocks rallied Friday, as investors cheered a much stronger-than-expected jobs report.
The Dow Jones industrial average () gained 157 points, or 1.2%, the S&P 500 () added 19 points, or 1.5%, and the Nasdaq composite () increased 46 points, or 1.6%.
The rally pushed pushed the Dow, up more than 5% in 2012, to its highest level since May 2008. The Nasdaq, up more than 11% for the year, climbed to its highest level since December 2000. The S&P 500 has gained almost 7% this year, and finished at a six-month high.
The rally was sparked by the Labor Department’s monthly jobs report, which showed that the U.S. economy added 243,000 jobs in January, far exceeding expectations. The unemployment rate dropped to 8.3%, the lowest since February 2009.
Economists surveyed by CNNMoney had expected the government to report an increase of just 130,000 jobs in January. The unemployment rate was expected to rise to 8.6%.
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Economists had expected a slowdown in post-holiday hiring, considering that about 40,000 temporary couriers were hired for the holidays alone..
"The jobs data blew away market expectations," noted Marc Chandler, global head of currency strategy at Brown Brothers Harriman, calling it a "monster" jobs report. "This coupled with other recent reports for January, show the year has begun off on a firm note," he added.
Meanwhile, investors were also on the lookout for an official agreement on a debt-reduction plan and a second bailout for Greece. The deal is expected to be near, but negotiations are likely to continue thorough the weekend.
U.S. stocks ended mixed Thursday as investors digested a cautious economic outlook from the chairman of the Federal Reserve.
Economy: Factory orders for December rose 1.1%, slightly below expectations. The January installment of the ISM Services Index hit 56.8, surpassing economists’ expectations for 53.1, and up sharply from the prior month.
Companies: Financial stocks were big gainers in Friday’s rally, with Bank of America’s (, Fortune 500) 5% spike leading the Dow’s gains. Morgan Stanley (, Fortune 500), Citigroup (, Fortune 500) and Goldman Sachs (, Fortune 500) were all up between 3% and 5%.
Shares of Genworth Financial (, Fortune 500) soared 14% after the mortgage insurer swung to a fourth-quarter profit.
Tyson Foods (, Fortune 500) shares rose after the company reported better-than-expected earnings and issued slightly upbeat guidance.
Estee Lauder (, Fortune 500) reported a 15% profit increase for its fiscal second quarter to $597 million, but its stock tumbled as the company’s guidance for the current quarter came in short of analyst expectations.
Shares of Gilead Sciences (, Fortune 500) spiked after the company posted fourth-quarter earnings that rose almost 6% from a year ago.
Edwards Lifesciences’ () stock dropped as earnings fell and the company gave a lackluster forecast for the current quarter.
Zynga () shares continue to rise, after Facebook’s IPO revealed the gamemaker accounted for 12% of its revenue in 2011.
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Research in Motion () shares dipped after the BlackBerry-maker said it will give its tablet, the BlackBerry PlayBook, out to Android developers in exchange for their apps.
Trading in shares of Micron Technology (, Fortune 500) was halted after the company announced that its CEO and chairman Steve Appleton died Friday morning in a small-plane crash in Boise.
Currencies and commodities: The dollar slipped against the euro and the British pound, but rose versus the Japanese yen.
Oil for March delivery rose $1.48 to settle at $97.84 a barrel.
Gold futures for April delivery fell $19 to settle at $1,736.80 an ounce.
Bonds: The price on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury fell, pushing the yield up to 1.95% from 1.82% late Thursday.
World markets: European stocks ended sharply higher. Britain’s FTSE 100 () rose 1.8%, while the DAX () in Germany jumped 1.7% and France’s CAC 40 () rose 1.5%.
Asian markets ended mixed. The Shanghai Composite () rose 0.8%, while the Hang Seng () in Hong Kong was flat and Japan’s Nikkei () slipped 0.5%.
Spain
Leading finance chiefs sought to reassure anxious global business leaders on Friday that Europe is on track to solve its crippling debt crisis before it drags the world’s economies down. Europe’s top banker said investors, burned after trusting the region’s governments too much, now trust them too little.
The finance chiefs said the picture in Europe has changed over the past two months as the European Central Bank has loaned billions of euros to fragile banks, indebted countries have pushed through convincing reforms and EU leaders have come near to building a closer fiscal union that would make their common currency stronger.
Several also signaled Friday that Greece is close to clinching a crucial debt-reduction deal with private bondholders _ a key element in Europe’s efforts to stem a two-year debt crisis that is causing ripples around the globe. The crisis is a central topic at the World Economic Forum, a gathering of government and business leaders at the Swiss ski resort of Davos.
“They’re making progress on reforms, they’re changing the institutions of Europe to put better discipline on fiscal policy,” said U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner. “You have three new governments doing some very tough things. You have an ECB doing what central banks have to do. You see them move to try to strengthen the financial sector.”
Mario Draghi, head of the European Central Bank, said a combination of actions _ including super-cheap, long-term loans to shaky banks on the continent and a couple of interest rate cuts _ have helped Europe avoid deeper financial trouble.
“We have avoided a major credit crunch, a major lending crisis,” he said.
Draghi said borrowing rates would remain high “for quite a while” because bond markets are overestimating the risk involved in holding European government debt after years of underestimating it. But he called market pressure “the most potent engine for reform in different governments.”
Geithner said the fate of the U.S. economy _ and by extension of the rest of the world _ hinges on Europe’s debt crisis, along with potential tensions with Iran. He said the main piece of unfinished business for Europe is building a bigger fund to help troubled economies survive.
But while French Finance Minister Francois Baroin said that fund needs to be increased to calm markets, his German counterpart, Wolfgang Schaeuble, indicated that his government is not prepared to do so. Germany, as Europe’s biggest economy, would face the biggest bill.
“We must not give the wrong incentives,” Schaeuble said. “You can make any figure. It will not work if the real problems will not be solved.”
Both, together with Spanish Economy Minister Luis de Guindos Jurado and European Monetary Affairs Commissioner Olli Rehn, agreed that the idea of issuing “eurobonds” backed jointly by all eurozone governments is a nonstarter for now. They didn’t rule out the possibility that such bonds could be introduced once confidence in Europe’s public finances is restored, with Guindos calling that a “final target.”
Schaeuble said eurobonds would provide bad incentives by allowing debt-ridden countries to “spend money you don’t have on the bill of others.”
Many economists have said eurobonds are needed to solve the crisis as they could reduce the borrowing costs of heavily indebted countries by pooling them with bonds of stronger economies like Germany’s.
Professor Nouriel Roubini, the renowned economist who predicted the financial crash of 2008, is one who thinks that eurobonds have to form part of a eurozone strategy to fend off the possibility of a breakup.
The eurozone “could be a slow-motion train wreck,” Roubini said.
Europe has been grappling with the crisis ever since Greece conceded at the end of 2009 that its public finances were in far worse shape than previously thought. Greece remains at the epicenter of the crisis over two years later. Its borrowing costs remain too high for it to borrow in the markets so a second European-led bailout is in the offing.
The finance chiefs signaled Friday that a deal is at hand that could help ease some of the near-term tensions.
Greece has been negotiating with the a group representing banks and other lenders in the hopes that they will forgive half of Greece’s debt in exchange for Greek assurances that it will pay back the other half without defaulting on its loans. The deal would also let Greece repay over a longer period at a lower interest rate _ negotiators have been trying to agree on what that rate will be.
Schaeuble said he is “quite optimistic” about a deal, while Rehn said he hopes a deal can be reached “if not today, maybe by the weekend.”
Agreement between Greece and its creditors is needed before Europe and the International Monetary Fund agree to a second multibillion-euro bailout package.
At the heart of the problem is that the 17 countries that use the euro use a single currency but have different fiscal policies. That changes the nature of their debt, said Adair Turner, chairman of Britain’s banking regulator the Financial Services Authority.
“That debt is more equivalent to the State of California debt than the U.S. federal debt,” he said.
That’s why all but one of the 27 EU countries _ the United Kingdom has refused to participate _ are discussing a closer fiscal union. On Monday, leaders meet in Brussels to work out the details of that new compact.
Schaeuble and Baroin noted that even the agreement in principle to forge closer ties has calmed markets since a December summit, as borrowing rates have dropped and stock markets have risen.
“It’s amazing,” Draghi said. “If you compare today with even five months ago, the euro area is another world.”
The crisis threatens more than Europe: the U.N.’s refugee chief warned Friday that it is fueling conflicts around the world. Antonio Guterres told The Associated Press that rising food prices and growing unemployment are hitting those already at the bottom hardest, sparking conflict in places like South Sudan and exacerbating hotspots including Afghanistan, Iraq and Somalia.
_____
Frank Jordans and Edith Lederer in Davos and David McHugh in Frankfurt, Germany contributed to this story.
TORONTO
Corn traders are bullish for a fifth consecutive week on speculation that dry weather in South America is damaging crops, boosting demand for U.S. supplies at a time when stockpiles are predicted to shrink to a 16-year low.
Nineteen of 25 traders surveyed by Bloomberg expect corn to advance next week. Lower-than-average humidity and dry soil will curb crop development in Argentina and southern Brazil through at least Jan. 7, according to T-Storm Weather LLC, a forecaster in Chicago. Argentina is the world
A tax cut that reaches 160 million Americans and government aid for the long-term unemployed will expire at the end of the year _ sucking $165 billion out of the economy next year _ unless Congress takes action.
Economists hoped the so-called congressional supercommittee would decide whether to extend both measures. But the committee couldn’t even agree on how to reach its main goal, cutting $1.2 trillion from the federal budget deficit.
If the tax cut goes away, the average family would pay about $1,000 more in taxes next year, the equivalent of an extra tank of gas every two weeks. Someone earning $100,000 would pay $2,000 more.
And if long-term unemployment benefits are allowed to expire, about 6 million people would lose weekly checks averaging about $300. For most of the long-term unemployed, that is their main source of income.
“There’s an awful lot of uncertainty ahead,” said Michael Hanson, senior U.S. economist at Bank of America Merrill Lynch.
Both changes would leave Americans with an estimated $165 billion less to spend. The Federal Reserve expects the economy to grow only 2.7 percent next year, and economists say the expiration of the two programs could reduce growth by a full percentage point.
The government said Tuesday that the economy grew at a 2 percent rate in July, August and September, down from earlier estimates of 2.5 percent.
To bring unemployment down significantly, the economy has to grow more than twice as fast as it grew this summer.
Congress could extend the tax cut and unemployment benefits when it returns from Thanksgiving recess next week. But the same partisan philosophical differences that sank the supercommittee could complicate the debate.
At the same time, Congress may be unwilling to force what is essentially a tax increase on tens of millions of Americans just as an election year begins.
Both measures were part of a deal struck in December 2010 by President Barack Obama and Republicans in Congress.
The cut applies to the tax that pays for Social Security. The tax applies to the first $106,800 a person makes in a year. The deal lowered the rate paid by individuals to 4.2 percent from 6.2 percent for this year. Companies also pay a 6.2 rate on their payroll.
Some Republicans have indicated they could support extending the tax cut, but there would almost certainly be a fight over how to pay for it. Without spending cuts or other tax increases, renewing the Social Security tax cut would swell the deficit cash advance in one hour.
Obama, as part of his jobs bill in September, Obama proposed lowering the rate further, to 3.1 percent, and cutting the employer portion to 3.1 percent up to the first $5 million on their payrolls.
Cuts at that level would pump almost $250 billion more into the economy compared with last year, when individuals and employers both paid the 6.2 percent rate.
Obama, speaking Tuesday in New Hampshire, urged Republicans to continue the tax break.
“Don’t be a Grinch,” the president said. “Don’t vote to raise taxes on working Americans during the holidays.”
On Monday, White House press secretary Jay Carney suggested that renewing or deepening the tax cut could be paid for by raising taxes on the wealthy. Republicans have refused to consider doing so.
Most states provide up to 26 weeks of unemployment benefits. The deal extended benefits to up to 99 weeks in states with the highest unemployment rates.
Unless that is renewed, almost 2.2 million people out of work will lose benefits by the first week in February. About 6 million people would lose weekly benefits by the end of the year.
Just the uncertainty of not knowing what Congress will do could cause businesses to hold back on hiring and investment, and therefore drag down economic growth, Hanson said.
Most economists would like to see lower budget deficits, but most would like the government to reduce the deficit gradually, to avoid hurting the weak economy. And they would all prefer robust economic growth to solve the problem.
The supercommittee’s failure triggers $1 trillion in automatic cuts in government spending beginning in 2013. Congress could undo them, but then credit rating agencies might downgrade the government’s long-term debt, as Standard & Poor’s did in August.
An even bigger hurdle looms at the end of 2012. That’s when the tax cuts passed during the Bush administration are set to expire. Losing those tax cuts would cost taxpayers up to an additional $4 trillion over 10 years.
Combined, all those factors would reduce growth in 2013 by between 1.5 and 3.5 percentage points, Douglas Elmendorf, director of the Congressional Budget Office, estimated last week.
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